[CNC (computer numerical control) milling machines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_control) are used to fabricate parts with precise dimensions and shapes. The configuration of the feed rate and diameter plays a crucial role in the machining process and can significantly affect the quality and efficiency of the production of a workpiece.
| [PlanktoScope-Case.dxf](https://code.curious.bio/curious.bio/planktoscope/raw/branch/din_spec_3105_1/hardware/case/PlanktoScope-Case.dxf) | PlanktoScope Case export for CNC Milling |
[Valchromat](https://www.investwood.pt/de/valchromat/) is a wood-based composite material made from recycled wood fibers and colored with natural dyes. It is known for its durability, resistance to moisture and decay, and ability to be machined and finished in a similar way to solid wood. Here are some of the key characteristics of valchromat:
- Durability: Valchromat is a highly durable material that is resistant to moisture, decay, and termites, making it ideal for use in outdoor or high-moisture environments.
- Machinability: Valchromat can be machined using traditional woodworking tools, such as saws, routers, and drill bits. It can also be finished using sanding, staining, and painting techniques.
- Sustainability: Valchromat is made from recycled wood fibers, which makes it a more sustainable option compared to traditional wood products. It is also produced using an eco-friendly manufacturing process that generates zero emissions.
- Versatility: Valchromat is available in a variety of colors, including shades of red, yellow, green, blue, and black, making it suitable for a wide range of applications and design projects.
- When compared to conventional MDF wood, valchromat has a number of advantages. It is more durable and resistant to moisture and decay, making it a better choice for use in outdoor or high-moisture environments. Valchromat is also more sustainable, as it is made from recycled wood fibers.
- Valchromat can be processed using a CNC router in a similar way to MDF wood. However, it is important to consider the specific characteristics of valchromat when setting up the CNC router, such as the appropriate cutting speed and feed rate.
For the specific use case of the PlanktoScope Case, valchromat was used with a **thickness of 8mm**. This thickness may be suitable for a variety of applications, depending on the specific requirements and design of the project.
In summary, valchromat is a durable, strong, and versatile wood-based composite material that can be machined and finished in a similar way to solid wood. It is available in a variety of colors and is a more sustainable alternative to traditional wood products. When processed using a CNC router, it is important to consider the specific characteristics of valchromat in order to achieve the desired results.
#### Finishing
[Rubio Monocoat Plus](https://www.rubiomonocoat.com/) is a wood finishing product that is designed to provide a durable, natural-looking finish to wood surfaces. It is made from plant-based oils and pigments, which give it a unique, transparent finish that enhances the natural beauty of the wood.
One of the key features of Rubio Monocoat Plus is its versatility and ease of use. It can be applied to a wide range of wood species, including hardwoods and softwoods, and can be used on both indoor and outdoor surfaces. It is also easy to apply, with a simple one-coat application process that allows users to achieve a professional-grade finish in a matter of hours.
Rubio Monocoat Plus is also environmentally friendly, with a low VOC (volatile organic compound) content and a biodegradable formula. This makes it a popular choice for those who are looking for a sustainable and eco-friendly wood finishing solution.
We use Rubio Monocoat Plus as a finishing product for Valchromat.
Here is a step-by-step guide on how to configure the feed rate and the diameter of the end mill of a CNC milling machine for the production of a workpiece, using the specified tools and configuration:
1. Select the appropriate end mill: The end mill should be selected based on the material and shape of the workpiece, as well as the desired level of precision. For this specific production, the following end mills will be used:
2. Determine the feed rate: The feed rate is the speed at which the end mill moves along the surface of the workpiece and is usually measured in millimeters per minute (mm/m). The appropriate feed rate will depend on the diameter of the end mill and the material and thickness of the workpiece. For this specific production, the following feed rates will be used:
3. Load the end mill: Once the appropriate end mill has been selected, it can be loaded onto the spindle of the CNC milling machine.
4. Set the workpiece: The workpiece should be securely clamped onto the table of the CNC milling machine.
5. Set the machine parameters: The feed rate and end mill diameter should be entered into the machine's control panel or included in the machining program.
6. Begin machining: The machining process should be carried out in the following sequence:
By following these steps, you can properly configure the feed rate and the diameter of the end mill of a CNC milling machine for the production of a workpiece. It is important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and guidelines for the specific CNC milling machine being used, as well as to use proper safety measures while operating the machine.
A [PCB (printed circuit board)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_board) is a crucial component of many electronic devices, providing a platform for connecting and mounting electronic components. The PCB production process involves several steps, including designing the PCB layout, fabricating the PCB, and assembling the electronic components onto the PCB.
The raw materials used in PCB production include copper sheets, fiberglass sheets, and various chemicals for etching and plating. These materials are used to create the circuitry patterns on the PCB.
There are two main types of electronic components that can be mounted onto a PCB: [thru-hole components](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Through-hole_technology) and [surface mount components](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface-mount_technology). Thru-hole components have leads that are inserted through holes in the PCB and soldered to the other side, while surface mount components are soldered directly onto the surface of the PCB. The choice between thru-hole and surface mount components depends on the specific requirements of the device being produced.
!!! note
Please note that this document describes a two-part production of the PCB. To reduce costs, the through hole components are assembled manually as described here. Depending on your budget and the services offered by the manufacturing company, this can also be ordered in the production of the PCB.
| [Planktoscope-Hat-bom.csv](https://code.curious.bio/curious.bio/planktoscope/raw/branch/din_spec_3105_1/hardware/hat/Planktoscope-Hat-bom.csv) | The list of used SMD components |
| [Planktoscope-Hat gerber files](https://code.curious.bio/curious.bio/planktoscope/src/branch/din_spec_3105_1/hardware/hat/assembly) | The exported CAD and CAM data of the PCB design |
| [Planktoscope-Hat assembly files](https://code.curious.bio/curious.bio/planktoscope/src/branch/din_spec_3105_1/hardware/hat/assembly) | The SMD assembly instructions |
To order a PCB board including assembly, follow these steps:
- Select a manufacturing company based on your local availability, budget, delivery dates, and services such as assembly.
!!! note
If you need assistance with selecting a company, contact us. We can provide you with a list of companies we have worked with in the past.
- Create a customer account if you do not already have one. Ensure to specify the correct tax, contact, and delivery information.
!!! warning
It is especially crucial to provide correct contact information, including a phone number if possible. Most manufacturing companies provide excellent customer service and will be happy to assist you during the order process.
- Create a project and select the quantity of PCB boards you need for production.
- Configure the order based on the values specified in this document.
- Upload the bill of material (BOM) and validate the component availability.
!!! warning
It is crucial that you use the exact IC's like the RTC and EEPROM we specified. If a component is "end of life" (EOL), do not hesitate to contact us so we can help you find an alternative solution. For all other components, you are welcome to choose alternatives providet by the manufacturing company.
!!! info
The component costs will now be calculated, and the price should be displayed.
- Upload the gerber files provided as a zip file in the repository under the following link.
- Upload the assembly instructions provided as a zip file in the repository under the following link.
- Check that there are no missing references in your order configuration.
- Place the order based on your delivery requirements.
- Select a payment method and complete the order process.
#### Configuration
The following configuration parameters can be used for the production of the PCB.
!!! info
Please note that the naming may vary depanding on the manufacturing company you used and are only intended to provide you with support. You can, of course, adjust the parameters as you see fit.
To ensure the quality of the produced PCB, request data validation from the customer support team. They can provide you with image files like the following to visually verify the manufacturing files you provide.
!!! warning
This step must be requested directly after completing the order process and confirmed promptly. Otherwise, the delivery date will be postponed or the order may be put on hold completely.
| [Planktoscope-Hat-throughhole.csv](https://code.curious.bio/curious.bio/planktoscope/raw/branch/din_spec_3105_1/hardware/hat/Planktoscope-Hat-throughhole.csv) | The list of used SMD components |
!!! warning
When you solder this for the first time, take special care not to damage the board.
!!! info
To learn how to solder we recommend you the awesome [Comic "Soldering is easy" by Mitch Altmal, Andie Nordgren and Jeff Keyzer](https://mightyohm.com/soldercomic/)
Now position the motor driver on the connector strips of the beadboard.
!!! Warning
Make sure that the larger chip labeled trimatik is positioned on the bottom of the board and the four smaller chips are positioned on the top of the board as shown in the picture.
Soldering is sometimes like eating with chopsticks 🥢. It takes a bit of practice, but with time you learn how to hold the workpiece in place with one free finger and apply the solder with another, and then use the other hand to move the soldering iron to the workpiece and solder it.
!!! Tip
You can also solder one pin on one side and then the opposite one to fix your workpiece, this ensures that nothing accidentally moves.
Now put the previously soldered motor driver on the socket connector to fix it for the soldering process. Turn the board as shown in the picture and place it carefully.
Soldering is sometimes like eating with chopsticks 🥢. It takes a bit of practice, but with time you learn how to hold the workpiece in place with one free finger and apply the solder with another, and then use the other hand to move the soldering iron to the workpiece and solder it.
!!! Tip
You can also solder one pin on one side and then the opposite one to fix your workpiece, this ensures that nothing accidentally moves.
Turn the board over and hold the loose connector while soldering it. Repeat the procedure with the second motor connector.
!!! Info
Soldering is sometimes like eating with chopsticks 🥢. It takes a bit of practice, but with time you learn how to hold the workpiece in place with one free finger and apply the solder with another, and then use the other hand to move the soldering iron to the workpiece and solder it.
Now solder the Raspberry Pi header connector with all 20 pins.
!!! Warning
Be extremely careful when soldering the connections, make sure you don't accidentally bridge several contacts because you used too much solder or have cold solder joints because you had too little solder or too little heat.
Feed the fan cable through the hole provided, check if you can reach the contacts on the board without any problems and trim it further if necessary and enisolate the ends.
